High Purity Germanium Powder 5N Ge Powder CAS 7440-56-4, 99.999%

Description of Germanium Powder :

Germanium powder is usually grayish-white or light gray with a metallic luster. Depending on the specific preparation process, its shape can be spherical, cube, diamond, etc.. The density of germanium powder is about 5.3g/cm3. Porosity refers to the percentage of pores in the total volume of germanium powder, which will affect the hygroscopic property, electrical conductivity, and plasticity of germanium powder. Germanium powder has high stability to air, water, alkali, and other substances at room temperature. It is not easily oxidized or chemically reactive with these substances. Germanium powder has good plasticity and elasticity and can be transformed into products of different shapes and sizes. Germanium has special optical properties and high transmittance in the near-infrared region, so it is widely used in infrared optical components and optical fiber communication.

Technical Parameter of Germanium Powder 5Nge Powder (CAS 7440-56-4):

Features of  Germanium Powder :

Crystal structure: The atomic arrangement of germanium powder crystal is the same as diamond: hard and brittle, germanium is widely distributed in nature.

Physical properties: Germanium powder presents a fine particle shape. Crystal germanium powder particle size is usually between 100~200nm, 300~500nm, and 1~3um, with a large specific surface area and high dispersion. In addition, germanium powder has a high melting point, a high boiling point, and a moderate density and does not interact with air or water vapor at room temperature.

Optical properties: Nano-germanium powder has good absorption and emission characteristics in the visible and infrared spectral range, which makes it have wide application potential in infrared light sources, optical devices, and other fields.

Thermal conductivity: Germanium powder has excellent thermal conductivity, making it widely used in thermal conductivity materials.

Electrical properties: Germanium powder also has a low resistivity and can be used in conductive materials.

Chemical properties: Germanium powder is chemically stable, soluble in aqua regia, concentrated nitric or sulfuric acid, molten alkali, nitrate, or carbonate, but insoluble in water, hydrochloric acid, dilute caustic soda solution.

Advantages of  Germanium Powder :

Optical properties: Germanium powder has excellent optical properties, can be used as an infrared optical material, and has the advantages of a high infrared refractive index, wide infrared transmission band range, small absorption coefficient, and low dispersion rate, especially suitable for military and major civilian thermal imager and infrared radar and another infrared optical device window, lens, prism, and filter materials.

Semiconductor performance: Germanium powder is a semiconductor material doped with trace-specific impurities. Germanium single crystal can be used to make a variety of transistors, rectifiers, and other devices, as a thermal battery material for solar cells, photocells, for the production of thermistors, thin film resistors, semiconductor thermometers, and so on.

Other applications: Germanium powder can also be used to prepare fluorescent plates and various high-refractive glass, as well as for metallurgy, phosphor, and other fields. In addition, germanium powder can also be used in germanium semiconductor devices, such as germanium diode, body transistor, composite transistor, germanium semiconductor photoelectric devices, etc., widely used in color TV, computer, telephone, and high-frequency equipment.

Application of  Germanium Powder :

Optical field: 

The application of germanium powder in optics is mainly as infrared optical components and optical fiber communication components. Because germanium has the advantages of high transmittance and low thermal expansion coefficient, germanium optical components have excellent optical properties and stability. In fiber optic communications, germanium powder is used to prepare key components such as fiber optic connectors and fiber optic attenuators, which can transmit optical signals at higher frequencies and over longer distances. 

Superalloy: 

Germanium powder can be used as one of the alloying elements in superalloys to improve the strength, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature stability of alloys. Especially in the aerospace field, and can be transformed into products of different shapes and sizes, rocket engines, and other high-temperature equipment. In addition, germanium alloys can be used to manufacture key components such as high-temperature bearings and gears. 

Catalyst preparation: 

Germanium powder can be used as a catalyst in petroleum cracking, ammonia synthesis, hydrogen production, and other industrial production. As catalyst carriers, germanium powder can improve the activity and selectivity of catalysts. In addition, germanium powder can also be used as an auxiliary agent of homogeneous catalysts to improve the stability and activity of catalysts. 

Electronics Industry: 

The application of germanium powder in the electronics industry is mainly an additive in semiconductor materials and electronic pastes. These slurries make electronic components such as transistors and integrated circuits. By adding germanium powder, the electrical conductivity and stability of electronic paste can be improved to ensure electronic components' manufacturing quality and reliability. In addition, germanium powder can be used as the main component of conductor paste to prepare thin film and hybrid integrated circuits. 

Medical field: 

Germanium powder has some special applications in the medical field. For example, germanium powder can be used for medical implants, such as artificial joints, dental plants, etc. Because germanium has good biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, It is possible to combine it with human tissues to lessen the risk of rejection and infection. In addition, germanium can also be used to prepare drug carriers and drug slow-release materials for treating major diseases such as tumors and cancers. 

Flame retardant: 

Germanium powder can be used as a flame retardant to prepare polymer materials. Adding germanium powder to polymer materials such as plastics and rubber can significantly improve its flame retardancy. In addition, germanium powder can be used as an additive to fire retardant coatings to improve the fire resistance of coatings. 

Luminous material: 

Germanium powder can be used as a luminescent material for display and other fields. For example, by combining germanium with compounds of other elements, luminous materials with different colors and durations can be prepared. These luminous materials are widely used in full-color displays, LED lighting, and other fields.

Company Profile：

Synthetic Chemical is a trusted global chemical material supplier & manufacturer with over 12 years of experience providing super high-quality chemicals and nanomaterials, including boride powder, nitride powder, graphite powder, sulfide powder, 3D printing powder, etc.

The company has a professional technical department and Quality Supervision Department, a well-equipped laboratory with advanced testing equipment, and an after-sales customer service center.

If you are looking for high-quality Germanium powder  , please feel free to contact us or click on the needed products to send an inquiry. 

Payment Term：

L/C, T/T, Western Union, Paypal, Credit Card etc.

Shipment Term：

By sea, by air, by express, as customers request.

Storage Conditions：

1) Store in a dry environment at room temperature.

2) Avoid damp and high temperatures.

3) Use immediately after opening the inner packing bag.

FAQ：

Q1:

What are the physical properties of germanium? 

Color and form: Germanium is a silvery-white, glossy metal that oxidizes easily in air, forming a dense oxide film.

Hardness and elasticity: Germanium has a high hardness, second only to diamond, and has good flexibility.

Melting point and boiling point: Germanium has a melting point of 937.4°C and a boiling point of 2830°C.

Density: Germanium has a density of 5.35g/cm³.

Mohs hardness: The Mohs hardness of germanium is between 6.0 and 6.5.

Optical properties: Germanium has a high refractive index and low dispersion properties and has important applications in optoelectronics.

Q2：

What is the chemical property of germanium? 

Stability at room temperature: At room temperature, germanium will not interact with water, air, or water vapor.

Reaction with acids and bases: Germanium is insoluble in hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid, and dilute caustic soda solutions. However, when heated in concentrated sulfuric acid, germanium will slowly dissolve. In addition, germanium is easily soluble in aqua regia, concentrated nitric acid, or sulfuric acid.

Oxidation: Germanium, at 600 ~ 700℃, will quickly react with oxygen to produce germanium dioxide. At the same time, the molten base in the air can make germanium quickly dissolve, forming germanate. The oxidation states of germanium are mainly +2 and +4.

Reaction with carbon: Germanium does not work with carbon, so when it is melted in a graphite crucible, carbon will not contaminate it.

Amphoteric: Germanium is amphoteric, which can react with acids and bases. For example, it dissolves in molten alkali, peroxide alkali, alkali metal nitrate, or carbonate.

Compounds: Some germanium compounds, such as tetrachloride and tetrafluoride, are readily hydrolyzed in water. On the other hand, germanium hydride (germanane) is a relatively stable gas. In organic germanium compounds, germanium atoms can replace multiple Ge atoms, similar to tin, mercury, arsenic and other compounds, but less toxic.

Q3：

What are the uses of germanium? 

Catalyst:

Semiconductor field:

Germanium is an important semiconductor material for high-frequency current damping and alternating current rectifiers.

Germanium is also widely used in integrated circuits, optoelectronic devices, and solar cells.

Optical field:

Germanium compounds can be used to manufacture fluorescent plates and various high-shading glass.

With a high refractive index, Germanium can be used in optical lenses and prisms and to make solar cells.

Because germanium has strong transmittance in the infrared band, it is often used in infrared object detection, infrared imaging, and infrared temperature measurement optical devices.

Catalyst:

Germanium compounds play an important role in catalytic reactions, such as hydrogenation, addition, and rearrangement in ore reduction and organic synthesis.

Q4：

What is a germanium single crystal? 

Germanium single crystal refers to the germanium crystal without a large Angle boundary or twin, which has a diamond crystal structure and is an important semiconductor material. The preparation of germanium single crystal is mainly carried out by zonal germanium ingot (CZ method) or vertical gradient method (VGF method).

Germanium single crystal has high purity and excellent electrical and thermal properties, which make it widely used in semiconductor electronic technology, infrared optics, solar cells, and other fields. For example, in infrared optics, germanium single crystal can be used as an infrared optical material with high hardness, good thermal conductivity, insoluble in water, and other characteristics, widely used in infrared imaging and spectrometer systems. In addition, germanium single crystal is used to manufacture various infrared filters, long wave pass filters and other optical devices.

Q5：

What is the difference between germanium single crystal and germanium? 

Germanium is a metallic element, usually in the form of grayish white crystal, brittle, and is an important semiconductor material. Its content in the crust is small, belongs to the rare dispersion element, and has the properties of lithophilic, thermophilic, sulfurophilic, and organophilic. Germanium also has a high infrared refractive index, low dispersion, and excellent mechanical properties. It is often used in infrared optics, fiber optics, solar cells, polymerization catalysts, medicine, and other high-tech fields.

Germanium single crystal refers to the germanium crystal without a large Angle boundary or twin with a diamond-type crystal structure. It is a form of germanium extracted from raw materials by a specific preparation process. Germanium single crystal has high purity and excellent electrical and thermal properties, so it is widely used in semiconductor electronics, infrared optics, solar cells, and other fields.

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